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Foundations

11 articles on foundations, with worked examples and every number in sight.

LatestShallow foundations

Raft Foundation: Types, Design and When to Use One

What a raft (mat) foundation is, when to use one, its types and how it's designed, with a worked example of its contact pressure and bearing capacity.

20 min read

  1. Retaining walls

    MSE Wall Design: Step-by-Step with a Worked Example

    How an MSE wall is designed inside and out: geogrid tension, pullout, sliding and bearing, worked through a 6 m wall in SI and imperial units.

    21 min read

  2. Earthworks

    Soil Compaction: How to Specify and Verify Fill Density

    How soil compaction is specified and verified on site: Proctor maximum dry density, relative compaction from a sand replacement test, and a worked example.

    19 min read

  3. Shallow foundations

    Isolated, Spread and Combined Footings: Types and Design

    Isolated, strip, combined and strap footings: when to use each, how deep to found them and how to design them, with two worked examples.

    18 min read

  4. Retaining walls

    Shoring Design: Excavation Support with a Worked Example

    How shoring design works: apparent earth pressure for braced cuts, strut and wale loads, sheet pile sizing, and a 6 m excavation worked step by step.

    18 min read

  5. Shallow foundations

    Bearing Capacity of Soil: Equations, Values and Examples

    How to calculate the bearing capacity of soil: Terzaghi's and the general equation, the water table, eccentric loads, typical values and a worked example.

    18 min read

  6. Shallow foundations

    Foundation Settlement: Calculation and Tolerable Limits

    How to calculate foundation settlement step by step: immediate and consolidation settlement methods, tolerable limits, and a full worked example.

    14 min read

  7. Geotechnical investigation

    How to Read a Geotechnical Report, Step by Step

    How to read a geotechnical report: the borehole log, SPT and lab results, bearing capacity and settlement, with a worked example.

    11 min read

  8. Foundations

    Geotechnical Engineering: What It Is and What It Covers

    What geotechnical engineering is and what it covers: how soil behaves, site investigation, foundations, walls, slopes and water, and how designs are checked.

    15 min read

  9. Deep foundations

    Pile Foundation: Types, Design and Capacity Calculation

    What a pile foundation is, its types and how piles are installed, and how to calculate pile capacity by the alpha and beta methods, with a worked example.

    26 min read

  10. Deep foundations

    Underpinning Methods: Types, Uses and How to Choose One

    How the main underpinning methods transfer load to competent ground, when each one is used, and the load checks and sequence rules that make the work safe.

    20 min read

From theory to design, in minutes.

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